The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.